As 5 Principais diferenças entre ETL vs ELT
Nas últimas décadas, o ETL (extrair, transformar, carregar) tem sido a abordagem tradicional para armazenamento e análise de dados. A abordagem ELT (extrair, carregar, transformar) muda o antigo paradigma. Mas, o que realmente acontece quando o “T” e o “L” são trocados?
ETL e ELT resolvem a mesma necessidade:
Bilhões de dados e eventos precisam ser coletados, processados e analisados pelas empresas. Os dados precisam estar limpos, gerenciáveis e prontos para análise. Precisa ser enriquecido, moldado e transformado. Para torná-lo significativo.
Mas, o “ como ” é o que é diferente e leva a novas possibilidades em muitos projetos de dados modernos. Existem diferenças em como os dados brutos são gerenciados, quando o processamento é feito e como a análise é realizada.
Neste artigo, demonstraremos as diferenças tecnológicas de ETL e ELT, mostrando exemplos de engenharia e análise de dados das duas abordagens e resumindo 10 prós e contras de ETL e ELT .
As diferenças tecnológicas: vamos primeiro alinhar os 3 estágios – E, T, L:
- Extração : recuperar dados brutos de um pool de dados não estruturado e migrá-los para um repositório de dados temporário
- Transformação : Estruturar, enriquecer e converter os dados brutos para corresponder à fonte de destino
- Carregando : Carregando os dados estruturados em um data warehouse para serem analisados e usados por ferramentas de business intelligence (BI)
ETL vs. ELT: O que é ETL?
O ETL requer gerenciamento dos dados brutos, incluindo a extração das informações necessárias e a execução das transformações corretas para atender às necessidades de negócios. Cada estágio – extração, transformação e carregamento – requer interação de engenheiros e desenvolvedores de dados e lidar com as limitações de capacidade de data warehouses tradicionais. Usando ETL, analistas e outros usuários de BI se acostumaram a esperar , já que o simples acesso às informações não está disponível até que todo o processo de ETL seja concluído.
O que é ELT?
Na abordagem ELT, depois de extrair seus dados, você inicia imediatamente a fase de carregamento – movendo todas as fontes de dados em um único repositório de dados centralizado. Com as tecnologias de infraestrutura atuais que usam a nuvem, os sistemas agora podem oferecer suporte a grande armazenamento e computação escalonável. Portanto, um grande conjunto de dados em expansão e processamento rápido é virtualmente infinito para manter todos os dados brutos extraídos.
Dessa forma, a abordagem ELT oferece uma alternativa moderna ao ETL . No entanto, ainda está evoluindo. Portanto, as estruturas e ferramentas de suporte ao processo ELT nem sempre são totalmente desenvolvidas para facilitar o carregamento e o processamento de grande quantidade de dados. O lado positivo é muito promissor –permitindo acesso ilimitado a todos os seus dados a qualquer momento e economizando esforços e tempo dos desenvolvedores para analistas e usuários de BI .
Um exemplo prático
Aqui está um exemplo para ilustrar as diferenças tecnológicas entre ETL e ELT e detalhar os detalhes.
Nossa demonstração usará duas tabelas de dados : uma para compras e outra para moedas, conforme abaixo:
TABELA DE COMPRAS
| ip | montante | moeda |
|---|---|---|
| 2.248.0.0 | 100 | EURO |
| 2.248.0.0 | 200 | GBP |
| 72.229.28.185 | 300 | USD |
TABELA DE MOEDAS
| moeda | taxa |
|---|---|
| EURO | 1,12 |
| GBP | 1,3 |
| USD | 1 |
Para entender os fundamentos, veremos como este exemplo é processado em ETL e ELT . Para cada um, mostraremos como calcular uma única tabela de resumo usando essas duas tabelas – incluindo a compra média por país (com base no endereço IP fornecido).
Transformação de dados ETL em dados extraídos
No processo ETL, o estágio de transformação se aplica a uma série de regras ou funções nos dados extraídos para criar a tabela que será carregada.
Aqui está um código para demonstrar o processo preliminar de transformação de dados para ETL:

Usando este script, estamos mapeando os endereços IP para seus respectivos países. Estamos derivando um novo valor calculado ‘montante’ multiplicando os valores de ambos os grupos de tabelas de origem por atributo de moeda. Em seguida, estamos classificando os dados pela coluna do país, juntando os dados das tabelas de compras e moedas e somando os valores médios por país.
Essa transformação de dados resulta em uma nova tabela com o valor médio por país:
AMOUNT MÉDIO POR PAÍS
| país | montante |
|---|---|
| EUA | 300 |
| SUÉCIA | 372 |
Transformação de dados ELT em tempo de execução de consulta
Em contraste com ETL, com ELT todos os dados já estão carregados e podem ser usados a qualquer momento.
Portanto, a transformação é feita no tempo de execução da consulta:

Na consulta, selecionamos o endereço IP por país, multiplicando o valor da tabela de compras e a taxa da tabela de moedas para calcular o valor médio. Em seguida, juntando as duas tabelas com base nas colunas comuns de ambas as tabelas e agrupando por país.
Isso resultará na mesma tabela de saída exata do processo ETL acima. No entanto, neste caso, como todos os dados brutos foram carregados, podemos mais facilmente continuar executando outras consultas no mesmo ambiente para testar e identificar as melhores transformações de dados possíveis que correspondem aos requisitos de negócios.
A linha de fundo deste exemplo prático –
ELT é mais eficiente do que ETL para código de desenvolvimento . Além disso, o ELT é muito mais flexível do que o ETL. Com o ELT, os usuários podem executar novas transformações, testar e aprimorar consultas diretamente nos dados brutos conforme necessário – sem o tempo e a complexidade com os quais nos acostumamos com o ETL.
Gerenciando Data Warehouses e Data Lakes
De acordo com o Gartner , as necessidades de gerenciamento e integração de dados das empresas hoje exigem dados pequenos e grandes, não estruturados e estruturados . Aqui está o que eles sugerem sobre o que precisa ser mudado na maneira de trabalhar:
“A equipe de BI tradicional precisa continuar desenvolvendo melhores práticas claras, com objetivos de negócios bem compreendidos … há um segundo modo de BI que é mais fluido e … altamente iterativo com descoberta de dados imprevistos e que podem falhar rapidamente.”
“The traditional BI team needs to continue developing clear best practices, with well understood business objectives… there is a second mode of BI which is more fluid and … highly iterative with unforeseen data discovery and is allowed to fail fast.”
Essa frase gerou muita conversa sobre data warehouses versus data lakes. O conceito de data lake é uma nova maneira de pensar sobre big data para dados não estruturados feitos para escala infinita – usando ferramentas como o Hadoop para implementar o segundo modo de trabalho de BI descrito pelo Gartner. No entanto, embora as empresas ainda usem data warehouses para oferecer suporte a um paradigma tradicional, como ETL, data warehouses modernos e escalonáveis, como Redshift e BigQuery, podem ser usados para implementar o paradigma moderno de ELT com todos os seus benefícios inerentes mencionados acima.
A IBM fala sobre 5 coisas que os projetos modernos de big data exigem – mostrando a necessidade de novos conceitos de dados, como o data lake.
São os 5 V’s:
- Volume: o volume de dados (brutos)
- Variedade: a variedade (por exemplo, estruturada, não estruturada, semiestruturada) de dados
- Velocidade: a velocidade de processamento de dados, consumação ou análise de dados
- Veracidade: o nível de confiança nos dados
- (Valor): o valor por trás dos dados
ETL continua a ser uma boa combinação ao lidar com data warehouses legados – olhando para subconjuntos menores e movendo-os para o data warehouse. Mas é difícil fornecer uma solução com ETL para os 5 V conforme você avança na lista – como lidar com os volumes? Os dados não estruturados? Rapidez? etc.
A abordagem ELT abre oportunidades para trabalhar em um ambiente de BI mais fluido e iterativo devido à sua eficiência e flexibilidade. A ELT permite a implementação de muitos conceitos de data warehouse e se estende a conceitos de data lake – permitindo a incorporação de dados não estruturados em sua solução de BI.
Considerações finais sobre ETL e ELT
ETL está desatualizado. Isso ajudou a lidar com a limitação das infraestruturas tradicionais rígidas e de data center que, com a nuvem, isso não é uma barreira hoje. Em organizações com grandes conjuntos de dados de apenas alguns terabytes, o tempo de carregamento pode levar horas, dependendo da complexidade das regras de transformação.
ELT é uma parte importante do futuro do armazenamento de dados. Com o ELT, empresas de qualquer tamanho podem capitalizar nas tecnologias atuais. Ao analisar grandes pools de dados com mais agilidade e menos manutenção, as empresas obtêm insights importantes para criar vantagens competitivas reais e se destacar em seus negócios.
via: panoply
Hi there everybody, here every person is sharing such know-how, therefore it’s fastidious to
read this webpage, and I used to pay a quick visit this
blog daily.
I could not resist commenting. Very well written!
bookmarked!!, I really like your website!
An outstanding share! I’ve just forwarded this onto a colleague who was conducting a little research on this. And he actually ordered me lunch simply because I stumbled upon it for him… lol. So let me reword this…. Thanks for the meal!! But yeah, thanks for spending the time to discuss this matter here on your website.
After I originally left a comment I seem to have clicked on the -Notify me when new comments are added- checkbox and from now on each time a comment is added I receive four emails with the exact same comment. Perhaps there is a way you are able to remove me from that service? Cheers!
Hello there! This post could not be written any better! Looking at this article reminds me of my previous roommate! He continually kept preaching about this. I most certainly will send this information to him. Pretty sure he’ll have a good read. Many thanks for sharing!
Good way of explaining, and good paragraph to take information on the topic of my presentation topic, which i
am going to present in college.
I like it when people come together and share ideas. Great website, stick with it!
It’s an awesome paragraph in support of all the web viewers; they will get benefit from it I am sure.
Hey I know this is off topic but I was wondering if you knew of any widgets I could add
to my blog that automatically tweet my newest twitter updates.
I’ve been looking for a plug-in like this for quite some time and was hoping maybe you would have some experience with something
like this. Please let me know if you run into anything.
I truly enjoy reading your blog and I look forward
to your new updates.
This is a topic that’s close to my heart… Best wishes! Exactly where are your contact details though?
hello!,I love your writing very a lot! share we communicate more approximately your article
on AOL? I require an expert in this space to solve my problem.
Maybe that is you! Having a look forward to peer you.
Howdy! This is kind of off topic but I need some help
from an established blog. Is it tough to set up your own blog?
I’m not very techincal but I can figure things out pretty fast.
I’m thinking about creating my own but I’m not sure where to begin. Do you have any
ideas or suggestions? Many thanks
This is a topic that’s close to my heart… Thank you! Exactly
where are your contact details though?
Hello I am so happy I found your web site, I really found you by error, while I was researching on Google
for something else, Nonetheless I am here now and would just like to say many thanks for a
tremendous post and a all round enjoyable
blog (I also love the theme/design), I don’t have time to go through it all at the minute but I have book-marked it and also included
your RSS feeds, so when I have time I will be back to read a lot more,
Please do keep up the fantastic jo.
I enjoy looking through a post that will make people think. Also, thank you for allowing me to comment!
Hello, constantly i used to check blog posts here early in the morning, for the reason that i love to learn more and more.
whoah this blog is fantastic i really like reading your articles.
Stay up the good work! You already know, a
lot of individuals are hunting round for this info, you can help them greatly.
Incredible quest there. What occurred after? Take care!
This is a good tip especially to those fresh to the blogosphere. Brief but very precise info… Appreciate your sharing this one. A must read post!
Do you have a spam issue on this website; I also am a blogger, and
I was curious about your situation; many of us have developed some nice practices and we are looking to exchange solutions with
other folks, why not shoot me an email if interested.
Write more, thats all I have to say. Literally, it seems as though
you relied on the video to make your point.
You clearly know what youre talking about, why throw away your intelligence on just posting videos
to your weblog when you could be giving us something enlightening to read?
This site certainly has all the information and facts I needed concerning this subject and didn’t know who to ask.
Just want to say your article is as amazing. The clarity in your publish is
just spectacular and that i can think you’re an expert on this subject.
Fine along with your permission allow me to seize your RSS feed to keep up to date with imminent
post. Thank you a million and please keep up the gratifying work.
Aw, this was an exceptionally good post. Taking the time and actual effort to create a superb article… but what can I say… I hesitate a lot and don’t manage to get anything done.
This site was… how do I say it? Relevant!!
Finally I’ve found something that helped me. Many thanks!
Very good post. I am experiencing some of these issues as well..
Everything is very open with a clear explanation of the issues. It was definitely informative. Your site is extremely helpful. Many thanks for sharing!
Have you ever considered publishing an e-book or guest authoring on other websites?
I have a blog based on the same subjects you discuss and would really like to have you share some stories/information. I
know my readers would appreciate your work.
If you are even remotely interested, feel
free to shoot me an e mail.
психолог
I like the helpful info you provide in your articles. I
will bookmark your blog and check again here regularly.
I’m quite certain I will learn plenty of new stuff right
here! Good luck for the next!
Good post. I learn something totally new and challenging on sites I stumbleupon every day. It will always be exciting to read articles from other writers and practice something from other websites.
This is really fascinating, You are a very professional blogger.
I have joined your feed and look ahead to
in search of more of your excellent post. Additionally, I
have shared your website in my social networks
психолог
Howdy! Do you know if they make any plugins to safeguard
against hackers? I’m kinda paranoid about
losing everything I’ve worked hard on. Any
recommendations?
Since the admin of this web site is working, no doubt
very quickly it will be renowned, due to its feature contents.
You’re so interesting! I don’t believe I’ve read a single thing like
that before. So great to discover somebody with genuine thoughts on this subject.
Really.. thanks for starting this up. This site is one thing that is required on the internet, someone with
some originality!
Wonderful blog! Do you have any recommendations for
aspiring writers? I’m planning to start my own website soon but I’m a little lost on everything.
Would you propose starting with a free platform like WordPress or
go for a paid option? There are so many choices out there that
I’m completely confused .. Any recommendations?
Many thanks!
Payout imes differ based on the sportsbook and withdrawal
technique chosen.
Here is my webpage … toto79.org
I’ve been surfing online greater than three hours these days,
yet I by no means discovered any fascinating article like yours.
It is beautiful price enough for me. In my opinion, if all
webmasters and bloggers made good content as you did, the net shall be much more helpful than ever
before.
These are truly impressive ideas in concerning blogging.
You have touched some pleasant things here. Any way keep up wrinting.
Wow, wonderful blog layout! How long have you been blogging for?
you make blogging look easy. The overall look of your site is wonderful,
let alone the content!
Touche. Outstanding arguments. Keep up the good spirit.
It’s amazing to visit this web page and reading the
views of all friends on the topic of this piece of writing, while I am
also eager of getting know-how.
It’s hard to come by experienced people for this topic, but you seem
like you know what you’re talking about! Thanks
Everyone loves it when folks get together and share ideas.
Great website, stick with it!
At Unibet, we know this iss essential to you, our loyal shoppers.
Feel free to surf to my website: Play Online Casino
Try your hand at reside dealer poker or try a new variant like 3-card or stud poker.
Also visit my web site; Online Casino Games
What’s up to every one, since I am truly keen of reading this web site’s
post to be updated daily. It carries nice stuff.
I get pleasure from, cause I discovered exactly what I was taking a look for.
You’ve ended my four day long hunt! God Bless you man. Have a great day.
Bye
That’s why we appeaqr at the lots of various aspects of a gambling app when we cokpare and
rank them.
Also visit my blog post: Online Betting Site
She also credits the easy divide of roles to there not getting any arguments
or confusion over household chores.
Here is my blog homepage
DraftKings also presents demo mode on non-live dealer blackjack, which you can usse to prepare for
the reside dealer version.
Here iis my page; onca.cc
You have to bet on each and every hand, of
course, but it is wonderful for seasoned players who wasnt to hone their bettung method.
Here iis my webb page :: Online Casino Roulette
You won’t get charged and you are going to see your deposit in your account
inside 30 minutes.
My web page :: Sports betting sites
Your short article about girls over 50 eveals
an alarming trend in this country.
my site :: 언니알바
In 2000, females held around 40.five% of all jobs in the United States.
Here is my web page: ezalba.co.kr
operating-age women
Here is my site; 마사지 알바
This website is one hundred% safe, annd you caan trust tht your payment details will stay safe behiknd
encryption.
my website; UK betting sites
In 2003 Tessa Jowell, then Culture Secretary recommended a adjust inn the British
Gambling laws to preserve up with advances in technology.
my website – Sports betting sites
психолог
Superb, what a web site it is! This webpage gives useful facts to us, keep it up.
психолог
Can you tell us more about this? I’d care to find out
some additional information.
generic propecia online pharmacy
525
Без ответа
I feel this is among the such a lot important information for
me. And i’m happy reading your article. But wanna observation on some general issues, The web site taste is wonderful, the articles is really great :
D. Excellent process, cheers
I think other web site proprietors should take this website as an model, very clean and excellent user friendly style and design, let alone the content. You are an expert in this topic!
Can you be more specific about the content of your article? After reading it, I still have some doubts. Hope you can help me.
Your article helped me a lot, is there any more related content? Thanks!
Thank you for your sharing. I am worried that I lack creative ideas. It is your article that makes me full of hope. Thank you. But, I have a question, can you help me?
I don’t think the title of your article matches the content lol. Just kidding, mainly because I had some doubts after reading the article. https://accounts.binance.com/bn/register?ref=GJY4VW8W
Your point of view caught my eye and was very interesting. Thanks. I have a question for you.
Your point of view caught my eye and was very interesting. Thanks. I have a question for you. https://accounts.binance.com/register?ref=P9L9FQKY
I don’t think the title of your article matches the content lol. Just kidding, mainly because I had some doubts after reading the article.
Thanks for sharing. I read many of your blog posts, cool, your blog is very good.
I don’t think the title of your article matches the content lol. Just kidding, mainly because I had some doubts after reading the article.
Your point of view caught my eye and was very interesting. Thanks. I have a question for you.
Thanks for sharing. I read many of your blog posts, cool, your blog is very good.
Your article helped me a lot, is there any more related content? Thanks! https://accounts.binance.info/sl/register?ref=PORL8W0Z
Thanks for sharing. I read many of your blog posts, cool, your blog is very good.
Can you be more specific about the content of your article? After reading it, I still have some doubts. Hope you can help me.
Can you be more specific about the content of your article? After reading it, I still have some doubts. Hope you can help me.
Can you be more specific about the content of your article? After reading it, I still have some doubts. Hope you can help me.
Can you be more specific about the content of your article? After reading it, I still have some doubts. Hope you can help me.
Thank you for your sharing. I am worried that I lack creative ideas. It is your article that makes me full of hope. Thank you. But, I have a question, can you help me?
I don’t think the title of your enticle matches the content lol. Just kidding, mainly because I had some doubts after reading the enticle.
Thanks for sharing. I read many of your blog posts, cool, your blog is very good.
Your article helped me a lot, is there any more related content? Thanks!
Can you be more specific about the content of your article? After reading it, I still have some doubts. Hope you can help me.
Your point of view caught my eye and was very interesting. Thanks. I have a question for you.
Your article helped me a lot, is there any more related content? Thanks!
Can you be more specific about the content of your article? After reading it, I still have some doubts. Hope you can help me.
Your point of view caught my eye and was very interesting. Thanks. I have a question for you.
Can you be more specific about the content of your article? After reading it, I still have some doubts. Hope you can help me. https://www.binance.info/register?ref=P9L9FQKY
Your article helped me a lot, is there any more related content? Thanks! https://www.gate.io/share/XwNAUwgM
Thank you for your sharing. I am worried that I lack creative ideas. It is your article that makes me full of hope. Thank you. But, I have a question, can you help me? binance
Thanks for sharing. I read many of your blog posts, cool, your blog is very good.
Can you be more specific about the content of your article? After reading it, I still have some doubts. Hope you can help me.
I don’t think the title of your article matches the content lol. Just kidding, mainly because I had some doubts after reading the article.
Your point of view caught my eye and was very interesting. Thanks. I have a question for you.
Your article helped me a lot, is there any more related content? Thanks!
I don’t think the title of your article matches the content lol. Just kidding, mainly because I had some doubts after reading the article.
I don’t think the title of your article matches the content lol. Just kidding, mainly because I had some doubts after reading the article.
I don’t think the title of your article matches the content lol. Just kidding, mainly because I had some doubts after reading the article.
I don’t think the title of your article matches the content lol. Just kidding, mainly because I had some doubts after reading the article. https://www.binance.com/register?ref=IHJUI7TF
Thanks for sharing. I read many of your blog posts, cool, your blog is very good.
Your point of view caught my eye and was very interesting. Thanks. I have a question for you. https://accounts.binance.com/ES_la/register-person?ref=VDVEQ78S
I don’t think the title of your article matches the content lol. Just kidding, mainly because I had some doubts after reading the article. https://www.binance.info/register?ref=IXBIAFVY
Can you be more specific about the content of your article? After reading it, I still have some doubts. Hope you can help me.
Thanks for sharing. I read many of your blog posts, cool, your blog is very good.
Can you be more specific about the content of your article? After reading it, I still have some doubts. Hope you can help me. https://www.binance.com/ar-BH/register?ref=UT2YTZSU
Thank you for your sharing. I am worried that I lack creative ideas. It is your article that makes me full of hope. Thank you. But, I have a question, can you help me?
Your point of view caught my eye and was very interesting. Thanks. I have a question for you.
Thank you for your sharing. I am worried that I lack creative ideas. It is your article that makes me full of hope. Thank you. But, I have a question, can you help me?
Your point of view caught my eye and was very interesting. Thanks. I have a question for you.
Your article helped me a lot, is there any more related content? Thanks!
Can you be more specific about the content of your article? After reading it, I still have some doubts. Hope you can help me.